President: John Quincy Adams and Federal Government Essay

Submitted By ajachick05
Words: 4036
Pages: 17
Open Document
Presidents List
1. James Monroe, 1817- 1825 --- Republican
V.P.—Daniel Thompkins
Secretary of State --- John Quincy Adams
Major Items----

A. Marshall’s Decisions: McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819
This case arose because the state of Maryland had levied a tax on the Baltimore branch of the Bank of the United States. The opinion of Court delivered by Marshall was that the Maryland tax was unconstitutional. The main issues were whether Congress has the right to establish a national bank or a state had the power to tax or regulate agency or institution created by Congress. In response to the first issue, Marshall set forth his doctrine of “implied powers.” Conceding that no specific authorization to charter a bank could be found in the constitution, the chief justice argued that a right could be deduced from more general powers. Marshall thus struck a blow for loose construction of the Constitution, and a broad grant of power to the federal government to encourage economic growth and stability. In response to the second issue, Marshall held that the Bank was indeed such an agency and that giving a state the power to tax it would also give the state the power to destroy it. The debate over federal-state relations did not end until the northern victory in the Civil War decisively affirmed the dominance of federal authority. He’s decision gave great new weight to a nationalist constitution philosophy.
Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819
In this case, the court was asked to rule whether the legislature of New Hampshire had the right to convert Dartmouth from a private college into a university. Daniel Webster, the one arguing for the college and against the state, argued that Dartmouth’s original charter of 1769 was a valid and irrevocable contact. The Court accepted his argument. Marshall made that any charter granted by a state to a private corporation was fully protected by the contact issue. The Dartmouth case meant that the kinds of business enterprises then being incorporated by state governments could hold on to any privileges or favors that had been granted in their original charters. The decision increased the power and independence of business corporations by weakening ability of the states to regulate them or withdraw their privileges. This ruling helped foster the growth of the modern corporation as a profit-making enterprise with only limited public responsibilities.
Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824
In this case of 1824, the decision strengthened the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce. A steam boat monopoly granted by the state of New York was challenged by a competed ferry service. The Court declared that the New York grant was unconstitutional because it was accounted to state interference with Congress’s exclusive right to regulate interstate commerce. The Court went a long way toward feeing private interests engaged in furthering the transportation revolution from state interference. Marshall’s decision broadened the power of the federal government at the expense of the states while at the same time encouraging the growth of a national market economy.
B. Acquisition of Florida to Spain, 1819
Between 1810 and 1812, the United States had annexed the area between the Mississippi River and the Perdido River in what became Alabama. They claimed that it was part of the Louisiana Purchase and East Florida became a prime object of territorial ambition. Jackson occupied East Florida in April and May of 1818. In November 1818, Adams informed Spanish government that America had acted in self-defense and that further conflict would be avoided only if East Florida was ceded to America.
C. Transcontinental or Adams – Onis Treaty, 1819
As part of the treaty, signed on February 22, Spain relinquished Florida to the United States. In return the United States assumed $5 million of the financial claims of American citizens against Spain. Adams induced Luis de Onis to agree to the creation of the new boundary
Show More

Related Documents: President: John Quincy Adams and Federal Government Essay

Diary as Abigail Adams Essay

Abigail Adams Good day to all, my name is Abigail Adams. I was born in 1744 in Weymouth, Massachusetts to Elizabeth Quincy and William Smith, I was the second oldest among my three sisters and one brother. My father was a Congregationalist minister, growing up I was never schooled but I learned to read and write at home. I took great interest in my father’s books and was intrigued on subjects such as philosophy, theology, Shakespeare, ancient history, government and law. In the summer of 1759…

Words 440 - Pages 2

Andrew Jackson's Declaration Of Corruption

Monroe’s presidency was reaching an end, and the race to become the next president began, with four major candidates. In the end, however, the two remaining candidates for the presidency were Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams. Since no candidate acquired the majority in the electoral votes, the election was pushed to the House of Representatives. Henry Clay, one of the initial candidates who was eliminated, supported Adams, who won the election. The result of the election was unsavory to Jackson…

Words 1232 - Pages 5

War of 1812 and the Transformation of National Policies Essay

Changes politics in the USA Before the war, federalists strongly supported Alexander hamilton’s idea for a stronger government. After the war, republicans will split in two groups: National Republicans (led by Henry Clay) incorporate federalist doctrines in their policies. 1816, Clay helps shepherd through congress a bill to recreate the USA. It’s passed by the congress and the president signs it. Known as the second bank of the US. Traditional Republicans (how republicans use to be) Bonus bill (by…

Words 829 - Pages 4

Andrew Jackson Biography Essay

House of Representatives. He was also a senator before he became president in 1828. As a general of the Tennessee militia, Jackson defeated the Red Stick faction of the…

Words 1269 - Pages 6

The XYZ Affair

Each President had a different approach towards leading the United States, but they all succeed in doing their job. George Washington ushered in the Bill of Rights. He also ushered the Residence Act which authorized the president to select the seat of permanent federal governance.John Adams was president during the XYZ Affair. The XYZ Affair was a series of diplomatic events that involved the U.S. and France during the late 1790s and was a very pressing issue. This incident resulted in an undeclared…

Words 273 - Pages 2

How Did John Quincy Adams Get Into The Seat Of President

1. “Revolution of 1828”- when John Q Adams, Andrew Jackson, and Henry Clay ran for president. 2. common man- instead of the aristocrats, the common man type of person was more endeared by the people. 3. Andrew Jackson- he was considered the people’s president but he was also considered a king by many. 4. William Crawford- he ran for president in 1824, but he had to drop out due to a stroke. 5. Daniel Webster-…

Words 584 - Pages 3

John Adams Legacies

The president I am researching is president John Adams. Adams was the second president of the United States. He lived in the year of 1735. He died in the year of 1826. Adams was the best leader because in his early life he graduated college. In his presidency he was the first to live in the White House. One of his legacies was that he signed The Declaration of Independence. He was also one of the Founding Fathers. John Adams was born in Braintree, Massachusetts on October 30, 1735. His mother is…

Words 564 - Pages 3

Era Of Good Feelings Dbq

Economy. This all took place between 1812 and 1837 in the United States to change the nation and create a better government system. The War of 1812 established the United States as a world power, there was much more nationalism, the Federalist party died out, and James Monroe ran for president and won by a landslide are all what caused the Era of Good Feelings. Jackson was running for president in the Election of 1824 and the Election of 1828. When he was elected in 1828, he gave powers to the people…

Words 1663 - Pages 7

Why Did Andrew Jackson Lose The Election

election of 1824 was very competitive. Five candidates with distinguished credentials entered the presidential race. Henry Clay and Andrew Jackson faced the severe challenge from three contenders of Monroe’s cabinets: Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Secretary of War John Calhoun, and Treasury Secretary William Harris Crawford. All the candidates claimed their belief in Jeffersonian Republicanism. [1] However, the candidates had unique attributes to win and shortcomings to lose the election. Henry…

Words 564 - Pages 3

John Calhoun Beliefs

John Calhoun John Caldwell Calhoun was an American statesman, a political theorist, and the seventh US vice president from 1825 to 1832. He is widely known for defending the practice of slavery and trying his hardest to keep it in practice. He began his career as a raging nationalist, modernizer, supporter of a national government, and supporter of protective tariffs. However, by the later 1820's, his views were completely reversed and he became a leading supporter of states' rights, a limited…

Words 1817 - Pages 8