Questions On Evolution

Submitted By iwuzza
Words: 3408
Pages: 14
Open Document
Final Exam Review

Evolution/Classification
What is allele frequency?
This is how often an allele appears in a population.
What are the factors that change allele frequency?
The factors that change allele frequency are mutation, which results in the introduction of a new allele and causes an immediate, small shift in the equilibrium, migration, the movement of organisms into or out of the population and therefore the gene pool, random change, change in allele frequencies may result in a population with distinct characteristics, artificial or natural selection, this determines which individuals in a population will reproduce and pass on their genes, non-random mating of individuals, if certain individuals in a population show a preference for mating with individuals that have a particular phenotype, the mating pattern ceases to be random.
What is the difference between gene flow and genetic drift?
Gene flow is the movement of genes into or out of a population because of migration. Genetic drift changes in the gene pool of a small population due to change.
Explain the three types of natural selection that act on variation.
The three types of natural selection that act on variation are stabilizing selection, natural selection that favors average individuals in a population, directional selection, occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait, and disruptive selection, individuals with either extreme of a trait’s variation are selected for.
What is reproductive isolation?
This is the inability of one group to interbreed successfully with any other groups.
Explain the evolutionary patterns of divergence, convergence, and co-evolution.
Divergence occurs when organisms within a species become so different that they can no longer interbreed. Convergence different groups have developed the same adaptations because they live in the same type of environment. Co-evolution is when two unrelated groups become uniquely adapted to one another.
What is taxonomy?
Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms.
What is the most basic grouping used in biological classification?
The most basic grouping used in biological classification is species.
What are homologies?
They are the likeness in form, as a result of evolution from the same ancestors.
Explain the relationship between the evolutionary history of two organisms and amino acid differences in comparable proteins.
If two species are closely related in their evolutionary history, there will be few amino acid differences between comparable proteins.
What is phylogeny?
Phylogeny is the study of how living and extinct organisms are related to one another.
What is the goal of evolutionary classification?
The goal of evolutionary classification is to group species into larger categories that reflect lines of evolutionary descent rather than overall similarities and differences.
List the taxa in order from most inclusive (largest) to most exclusive (smallest)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and lastly Species. Domain is the most inclusive and Species is the most exclusive.
Name the six kingdoms included in the taxonomic scheme used today
The six kingdoms included in the taxonomic scheme used today are animalia, plantae, fungi, protista, eubacteria, and archaebacteria.
What is true of all organisms in the kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi?
They are all multicellular and eukaryotic.
What is true of the organisms in the kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria?
They are unicellular and prokaryotic.
What is true of the organisms in the kingdom Protista?
They are eukaryotic, unicellular, and multicellular.
What is binomial nomenclature?
Binomial nomenclature is when each species is assigned a two-part scientific name. The scientific name is usually Latin and written in italics. The first word of the name is always capitalized and is the genus for that organism. The second word of the name is always
Show More

Related Documents: Questions On Evolution

Biology Study Guide

Biology Study Guide: Methodology Unit 1 MADE BY: Chris Rhee Types of variables: Independent Variable: Also known as the manipulated variable. It is the variable that is changed or manipulated by the scientist. Dependent Variable: Also known as the responding variable. It is the variable that is affected by the independent variable. Control Variable: The variable that nothing is done to better see the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Standardized Variable: The variables…

Words 1143 - Pages 5

Essay on Biology Study Guide

Study Guide – DNA Name: _______________________ Chapters 8 & 9 Date: ______________ Pd: ____ 1. Draw a picture of a nucleotide. Label the phosphate, the deoxyribose sugar, and the nitrogen base. Which parts make up the backbone? 2. Compare and Contrast DNA and RNA: | DNA |RNA | |a. contains the sugar deoxyribose |…

Words 523 - Pages 3

Biology Study Guide Essay

“Just Because You're A Bird Doesn't Mean You Can Fly..” Imagine waking up everyday knowing that the minute you step foot out your front door people are going to stare and judge you constantly. People you don't even know are going to look at you and feel a sense of pitty and disbelief. Picture yourself sitting in a classroom full of people knowing that you are different but not being able to figure out why. Children everyday around the world are being diagnosed with Autism Disease. “Just because…

Words 1233 - Pages 5

Biology Study Guide Essay

removing a phosphate group and releasing energy for cellular processes. There are 92 naturally occurring elements. 25 of them are essential to life. Reductionism seeks to reduce complex systems to simpler, more manageable components. Systems biology seeks to understand how all the parts function together. When the proton number and the electron number are unequal, the atom or molecule is an ion. The carbon atom is tetravalent; this means that a carbon atom can complete its valence shell…

Words 771 - Pages 4

Biology study guide Essay

Commission on Ocean Policy, a working group tasked with the development of what would be known as the “National Oceans Report” Definition of environmental science & scientific disciplines involved Interdisciplinary study of human relationships with other organisms. Includes: - Biology -Ecology - Geography - Chemistry - Sociology Major components of blood Red cells White cells Plasma Platelets Seven basic functions of respiratory system - delivers oxygen - expels carbon dioxide…

Words 899 - Pages 4

Biology 101 Study Guide

Test 1 Corrections 1.Organic compounds always contain ________. A) Always contain carbon. 3. In some areas, fluoride is added during the municipal water treatment process in order to help ____________. C) reduce tooth decay. 4. Cellulose differs from starch in that ___________. C) most animals cannot break down cellulose, whereas starch is easily digested. 7. Fatty acids are _________. C) hydrophobic 9. What is the complementary sequence to the DNA strand TCGATGG? B) AGCTACC 11. Peptide bonds…

Words 691 - Pages 3

Essay about biology study guide

Biology Honors Study Guide 1.1 All organisms are interdependent, and humans are organisms. In order to understand life on earth and the future of humans and other organisms. Biologists study interactions between living things and their (our) environment In order to be considered alive and organism must have the following characteristics living things: Organism: any living individual 8 Common traits: 1. Have cell structure (organized) Number one (unicellular) to many (multicellular)…

Words 789 - Pages 4

Essay on Biology DNA Study Guide

BIO STUDY GUIDE (DNA) DNA STRUCTURE/DNA REPLICATION 6-Watson and Crick: Used Franklin’s and Chargaff’s info to make the first ever accurate DNA model 1-DNA is double helix and is built from nucleotides which consist of a phosphate, a base, and a sugar. The bases include G,C,A,T which are connected by hydrogen bonds. DNA polymerase is also located behind the DNA where bases connect to each other. 4/8-A=T and G=C only these combinations can form hydrogen bonds. 4-A nucleotide consists of a…

Words 324 - Pages 2

Essay on Study Guide: General Biology

Chapter 6 Explain what free energy is and how it can be used to predict the energetic outcome of chemical reactions.Free energy is defined as the energy available to do work in any system. The free energy is denoted by the symbol G. G = H – TS* H: the energy contained in a molecule’s chemical bonds, called enthalpy.* TS: the energy term related to the degree of disorder in the system. T is the absolute temperature (K), and S is the entropy.We can use the change in free energy to predict whether…

Words 4656 - Pages 19

Biology 1060 Study Guide Essays

all of the sources we chose will be available for academic research when you want to evaluate your relevance sources, which are sources that pertain to you. As stated before make sure your sources are credible. Ask questions, and use questions to guide you research. Questions are important when you have your research claim. You use questions to answer your claim. Skim throughout your sources to make sure that you can use it and that it will help your research. When it comes to online sources it…

Words 647 - Pages 3