Real Estate Financing: Notes & Mortgages
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McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2011 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Notes
Evidence of Debt
Major Provisions
– Amount borrowed
– Rate of interest
– Dollar amount, due dates, # of payments
– Maturity date
– Reference to security for the loan
– Application of payments
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RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Notes
Major Provisions
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Default
Penalties for late payment and forbearance provisions
Provisions for unscheduled payments
Notification of default and acceleration clause
Nonrecourse clause
Note that even if there is a nonrecourse clause, loans are generally with “recourse” if the “bad boy” provisions are violated. For example, if the borrower willfully damages the asset, the borrower will generally be held personally responsible for the damage.
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RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Notes
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Loan assumability
Assignment clause
Future advances
Release of lien by lender
2-4
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Mortgage Instrument
Note & Mortgage
– Note: Obligation to pay
– Mortgage: Pledges property as security
The mortgagor is the borrower. The mortgagee is the lender. Try to keep this straight. 2-5
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Mortgage Instrument
Appropriate identification of mortgagor and mortgagee Proper description of the property serving as security for the loan
Covenants of seisin and warranty
Provision for release of dower rights
Any other desired covenants and contractual agreements
2-6
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Mortgage Instrument
Important Clauses
– Funds for Taxes & Insurance
– Charges & Liens
– Hazard Insurance
– Preservation and Maintenance of the property
– Transfer of property or a beneficial interest in borrower (“Due on sale clause”)
2-7
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Mortgage Instrument
Important Clauses
– Borrower’s Rights to Reinstate
– Right of Entry: Lender in Possession
– Future Advances
– Subordination Clause
2-8
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Additional Mortgage Concepts
Assumption
– Liability
– Release of grantor from assumed debt
“Subject to” a Mortgage
– Liability
2-9
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Additional Mortgage Concepts
Property Covered
– Land
– Improvements
– Easements
– Fixtures
Special case of trade fixtures
– Mineral Rights
– After-acquired property
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RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Additional Mortgage Concepts
Senior & Junior Mortgages
Recording Mortgages
– Protect Lien Priority
Seller Financing
– Purchase Money Mortgage
– Use of Subordination Clause
2-11
RE3095 – Spring Semester 2015
Additional Mortgage Concepts
Land Contract
– Seller retains naked title
– Purchaser has equitable title
– Seller conveys title when purchaser completes the performance obligations
Default
– Breach of mortgage contract
Technical default
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RE3095 –