middle of his life. He was nearly 35 years young when he took a journey
deep into a world never visited by man before. He had entered hell
under strange circumstances. He recognized a famous poet named Virgil
whom he greatly admired and because Dante was a poet himself it was
no coincidence Virgil was to be his guide through the unknown stages
of hell. Dante would soon see unforgettable and gruesome images which
would eventually help him come to a better understanding of his
life’s meaning. Dante would have to feel sympathy for the sinners he
would soon meet in hell, because if he didn’t then his journey would
be pointless. Before he could understand life on earth, he needed to
experience hell in the inferno.
Dante’s depiction of the inferno would imply that we have a
cruel and unjust God but personally he is anything but cruel. He
creates a place of divine justice for the sinners in the deeper parts
of hell, however, the only unfair punishment is that of the
unbaptized and the pagans. There’s no reason why Moses and Noah
should be anywhere near the inferno even if their punishment is not
being able to be in heaven with God. All they had done during their
lifetime was obey God’s commands which made them appear as a fool to
everyone who knew them, and in return they’re sent to spend eternity
in hell. Now tell me, where’s the justice in that? You simply cannot
fault someone for not being Christian in a time period where there
was no such thing as Christianity because Christ had not yet been
born. Dante certainly doesn’t create the image of a God who
encourages torture as a punishment nor does he make him out to be
“conveying perfect justice.” In a way Dante is viewing the inferno
similar to the motto “don’t do the crime if you can’t do the time”,
except your locked up for life. However, you can’t argue with the
torture of the sinners because of the seriousness of their sins and
the irony of their punishments. For example, the traitors that
abandoned their family who reside in Caina (named after Cain) ran out
on and betrayed their families. ”Each kept his face bent downward
steadily; their mouths bore witness to the cold they felt, just as
their eyes proclaimed their sorry hearts.”(Mandelbaum, pg. 295) Now
they’re unable to move as they’re being submerged in ice with their
heads being pushed down. These people went from running away from
their families, to not being able to move. Murder, lustfulness,
sodomy, and violence against God, self, and others is by all means
understood to be inhumane but simultaneously are not the worst of the
sins committed by those in hell. Quite frankly Dante believes being a
fraud and betraying those of your own “kin” tops the list of most
serious sins. No reader can disagree with the placement of these
cold-hearted sinners.
In the first few circles of the inferno Dante encounters the
indecisive and self-servers, pagans and unbaptized, lustful,
gluttons, and the hoarders and wasters. Besides the unbaptized, all
of these types of sinners belong precisely where they are in upper
hell because of the lack of seriousness of their sins and how common
the sins are. Not to be pitiful by any means, but some of these sins
seem like they were committed unintentionally and simply by human
nature. The first six cantos are basically natural human weaknesses
and they cause the sinners souls to lose all hope, which is exactly
what the sign in the vestibule tells them to do. To no surprise, the
further you travel into hell the more unbearable the punishments
become for the souls to endure. The punishments go from chasing a
banner, to pushing a heavy weight, to having birds peck at your soul,
to being stuck in a burning tomb, to being completely