Skeletal Muscles: A Case Study

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A. Body in a prone position and moving in sagittal plane about vertical axis. Legs are moving in sagittal plane about sagittal axis. The head lays on the same level as body so athlete eyes look down. B. The center of gravity referred to the hip and does not change while swimmer perform stroke. However, it can be variable throughout the performance and depends from athlete level. C. When stroke cycle begins both arms are extended, palms pronated, one arm starts propel the body forward by wrist flexion, scapula downward rotation and flexing elbow creating an angle about 90 degrees in elbow joint. Then the arm moves posteriorly past the shoulder unless it reaches the hip with the fully extended elbow.
D. As underwater stroke is over the …show more content…
Stabilizers: medial gastrocnemius, vastus medialis obliquus, gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, lateral gastrocnemius.
The muscles used in knee extension: rectus femoris, vastus intermedialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis.
Agonist: vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris.
Antagonist: N/A
Stabilizers: semimembranosus, medial gastrocnemius, vastus medialis obliquus, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and lateral gastrocnemius. Ankle and foot perform plantar flexion throughout the whole stroke cycle to reduce resistance with water and increase ROM in foot and ankle joint. The muscles used in planter flexion include: gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, peroneus longus, and the peroneus brevis.
Agonist: fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, posterior tibialis, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, plantaris.
Antagonist: tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus tertius.
Stabilizers: fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, fibularis tertius, posterior tibialis, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, extensor halluces

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