Stress Inoculation Training

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Developed in the 1970s by Meichenbaum, it deals with helping the individual cope with stressors they are presently dealing with by teaching them different techniques they can use (Hensel-Dittmann, Schauer, Ruf, Catani, Odenwald, Elbert & Neuner, 2011). Techniques that are taught during stress inoculation training include breathing techniques, relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, thought stopping, guided self-dialog, covert modelling and role play. At the beginning of this training, the individual is asked to give examples of some current stressful situations that they face that are both related to the trauma and related to normal everyday stress. Following this, the individual is then taught different coping mechanisms that they can …show more content…
Though a few studies have been done on the subject with positive results showing that stress inoculation training has been successful in reducing the symptoms of PTSD, a study conducted by Hensel-Dittmann showed opposite results, which surprised the researchers. They conducted a research study which compared the effects of narrative exposure therapy to that of stress inoculation training. While participants who participated in NET showed a decrease in PTSD symptoms, there was no change within the group who engaged in SIT. It is important to note that researchers for this study conducted the SIT based off a model used for victims of rape and then modified it to fit the needs of survivors of organized violence (Hensel-Ditmann, et al, 2011). The study concluded that stress inoculation training may not be an effective treatment for individuals who are in a continuous state of fear. Additionally, stress inoculation training may work better for individuals with a higher education level as this training requires the understanding of some abstract concepts, such as the distinction between your own thoughts, behaviors and feelings. Finally, the researchers concluded that since this training was developed with the goal of treating individuals from the western culture, many components of …show more content…
A recent meta-analysis showed that having people who had negative emotional responses immediately after an traumatic reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms. An effective strategy to reduce the stress response is controlled breathing, which is something that is taught during stress inoculation training. Going along with these results, other studies have concluded that stress management techniques as well as relaxation techniques have been effective in reducing PTSD symptoms (Hourani, Tueller, Kizakevich, Lewis, Strange, Weimer, Bryant, Bishop, Hubal & Spira, 2016). Hourani and his colleagues concluded that stress inoculation training, combined with biofeedback can potentially be an effectively added to military training to reduce PTSD risk (Hourani et al, 2016). Research in this area is relatively new and, with very few studies done on the subject, it is hard to say for sure how effective stress inoculation is for the prevention of PTSD, though the results do look
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