Sulfonamides- Best to treat UTI’s Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim
Beta-Lactams
Penicillins Penicillin G, Penicillin V Potassium Penicillinase-resistant penicillins Cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin, nafcillin, Aminopenicillins Amoxicillin, ampicillin Extended-Spectrum penicillins Piperacillin, ticarcillin, carbenicillin
` Penicllin-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination Ampicillin/Sulbactam,Amoxicllin/Clavulanic Acid, Ticarcillin/Clavulanic Acid, Piperacillin/Tazobactam Cephalosporins 1st Generation Cefazolin, cefadroxil, cephalexin, cephradine 2nd Generation Cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefaclor, cefprozil, cefuroxime, loracarbef 3rd Generation Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftibuten, cefdinir, ceftizoxime 4th Generation Cefepime 5th Generation Ceftaroline, ceftobipriole Carbapenems Imipenem/Cilastatin, meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem Monobactams Aztreonam
Macrolides
Erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin
Ketolide
Telithromycin
Tetracyclines
Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, demeclocycline, oxytetracycline, tigecycline
Chapter 39- Antibiotics II
Aminoglycosides-Toxicity==hearing loss, dizzy, increase serum creatinine lvls Gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin ,kanamycin, neomycin
Quinolones-AA-tendinitis, tendon rupture Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin
Other Antibiotics Clindamycin, linezolid-may interact with—selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, metronidazole, vancomycin-Treat MRSA, hold if trough lvl is 24mcg/ml, daptomycin, nitrofurantoin, colistimethate- TREAT- klebsiella pneumonia carbapenmases, Quinaupristin/dalfopristin
Chapter 40-Antivirals
Non-HIV
Amantadine, ramantadine, oseltamivir,zanamivir,acyclovir-Use clean gloves, ganciclovir-watch for bone marrow suppression, ribavirin
HIV
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors Zidovudine-AA-for HIV prophylaxis following accidental needlestick== Bone marrow suppression, stavudine, tenofovir, didanosine ,abacavir, lefavirenze,etavirine Protease inhibitors Indinavir, ritonavir, amprenavir, nelfinavir Fusion inhibitors Enfuvirtide CCR5 antagonist Maraviroc HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor Raltegravir
Chapter 42-Antifungal Drugs-Pseudomonal UTI’s are not treated with these. Much concern if pt has hepatic disease, May kill healthy cells while killing the virus Topical Clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin-Treat infant with thrush, , tioconazole Systemic Polyenes