The purpose of the mission is to perform close-up studies of Saturn, its rings, moons, and magnetic environment. Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is a target of special interest because of atmospheric and perhaps surface characteristics it shares with early Earth. The instrument-laden Huygens probe descended via parachute to Titan's surface to directly sample the atmosphere and provided our first view of its surface.
Thanks to the Huygens lander and to radar on the Cassini spacecraft we are beginning to get some good looks at the surface of Titan.
Scientists have discovered lakes of liquid methane and ethane near Titan's poles.
They have also spotted clouds in the atmosphere of Titan.