Although Nirvana is the final state, there are several trials and tribulations that one must go through to achieve it, which involve good and bad karma. “ 'O bhikkhus, it is volition (cetana) that I call karma. Having willed, one acts through body, speech and mind. Volition is 'mental construction, mental activity. Its function is to direct the mind in the sphere of good, bad or neutral activities.” Karma is not only in your actions, but also in your direct thoughts and in your subconscious mind. The idea of reward and punishment motivates Buddhists to stay on track towards Nirvana as they know that good actions equals good karma and vice