Coulthard examines and analyzes the realism Oates’ short story offers. Coulthard's article “Joyce Carol Oates’s ‘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?’ As Pure Realism” offers the compelling argument that Oates’ story should be interpreted through the lens of pure realism, as opposed to the more common readings that imbue the narrative with symbolic, mythical, or allegorical significance. Coulthard challenges the existing scholarly consensus by examining the text's elements, such as character development, setting, and thematic concerns, all within the framework of a realist tradition. This perspective seeks to ground the story in the tangible and the everyday, arguing that its power and its horror are derived not from its connections to the supernatural or the symbolic but from its reflection of the real world and real experiences. Coulthard posits that Connie, her family, and Friend are not mere archetypes or mythic figures but are instead deeply rooted in the social and cultural environment of 1960s America. The detailed depiction of teenage life, with its focus on music, social dynamics, and the burgeoning sense of identity and independence, serves to underscore the realism of the
![majortests.com](http://patterns.studymode.com/1.11/dist/images/logos/major-tests/logo-major-tests-large.png)