The neighbor perceived the scream and called the police on (541:3). This made him admit his crime to the police from nervousness. If the neighbors had not been there, the police would not have arrived. The narrator would have gotten off with a clean slate, and nobody would ever find out about the murder. A third essential element is man-made geography. The house had floorboards that were easy to take out, making it easy for the narrator to hide the body on (541:2). Also, on (541:3), the police walked around the house in search of anything suspicious,but found nothing because the floorboards fit easily back in place. This is considered man-made geography because the house was built by men. Without man-made geography, the narrator would have additional trouble hiding the body.
A fourth and final element of setting is elapsed time. On (538:1), the narrator takes an hour to stick his head through the door, which is important, not because it took an hour, but it was a step in the process of the murder. Also, on (538:3), it says “a watch’s minute hand moves more quickly than did mine.” This means he was extra cautious on sneaking in the old man’s room. A final example is on (539:1). It says that he stood still for an hour, not moving a muscle. All of the elapsed time is important because the narrators caution is the reason for his success in murdering the old