World Religions Exam Review Essay

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HRT 3M1- World Religions
Final Exam Review

THE NATURE OF RELIGION
1. Monotheism: the belief in only one god
2. Polytheism: the belief in more than one god
3. Monism: a theory or doctrine that denies the existence of a distinction or duality in some sphere, such as that between matter and mind, or God and the world.
4. Atheism: disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods
5. Agnosticism: a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God or of anything beyond material phenomena; a person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God.
6. Theistic: the belief in one God or multiple gods
7. Non-theistic: do not hold a belief in a personal god or gods
8. Responses to mystery
Fear: avoidance, demonize, control
Fascination: curiosity, open to revelation, celebration (worship)
NATIVE SPIRITUALITY
1. Mother Earth: the earth considered as the source of all its living beings and inanimate things.
2. Great Spirit (Great Creator): is the creator and sustainer of life. Lives in spiritual realm and cares for all of creation. The Great Spirit can cure the sick, protect the hunted, give victory to the warrior, provide food for the hungry, and answer the requests of prayers.
Shaman: an aboriginal spiritual leader, sometimes called a medicine man
3. Three Sisters: corn, beans, squash
4. Matrilineal: inheriting or determining descent through the female line (this was the Iroquoian Society)
5. Patriarchal: (a) of, relating to, or characteristic of a male (b) of, relating to, or characteristic of a system of society or government controlled by men
6. View of private property: think it is wrong because everything belongs to everyone
7. Sacred Items
Sweetgrass, cedar, sage, tobacco
The sacred pipe
Drums
Wampum belt
Sacred eagle feather
JUDAISM
1. Covenant: an agreement of mutual faithfulness, like a contract or alliance, between two parties. A bond of love; A relationship of friendship
2. Chosen People: Israelites, Jews, Hebrews. Peoples believing themselves to be chosen by God.
3. YHWH: In the form of the burning bush, God revealed his sacred name to Moses as YHWH
4. Tanakh: Hebrew word for the sacred writings of Judaism; the word is formed from the first Hebrew letter of the three Parts of the Jewish scriptures (what Christians call the Old Testament): Torah, Neviim, Ketuvim
5. Talmud: The compilation of written interpretations of the oral Torah (the Halakhah)
6. Commandments: The Ten Commandments are the first ten of the 613 commandments given by God to the Jewish people. They form the foundation of Jewish ethics, behaviour and responsibility. These commandments are mentioned in order twice in the Torah; once each in the Book of Exodus and the Book of Deuteronomy.
7. Promised Land: Symbolic of the freedom and love promised by Yahweh. Is the land promised or given by God, according to the Tanakh, to the descendants of Abraham
8. Shema (The Jewish Creed of Faith)
Is the statement of belief that best expresses the basis of Jewish faith—> Belief in One
Jews recite it frequently, both in public worship and privately
From the book of Deuteronomy 6:4, “Hear O Israel, The Lord is our God, the Lord is One”
9. Yahweh: means “to be”, a form of the Hebrew name of God used in the Bible. The name came to be regarded by Jews as too sacred to be spoken, and the vowel sounds are uncertain
10. Torah (law, instruction, guidance):
The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible, The Pentateuch
The entire Hebrew Scripture (the Law, The Prophets, The Writings (TNK))
The entire traditional Jewish teaching, together with the oral traditions which include the Talmud
11. Mishnah: The first section of the Talmud, being a collection of early oral interpretations of the scriptures
12. Shabbat:
Hebrew word meaning “Sabbath”
The day the Lord rested, is the most sacred day for Jews
Begins at sunset on Friday and ends on Saturday
Celebrates that the heavens and Earth and everything on Earth are a gift of God
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