Achilles Tendon Research Paper

• Definition: Achilles tendon rupture is an injury that affects the back of the lower leg where the tendon connecting the calf muscles soleus and gastrocnemius to the calcaneus bone tears partially or completely due to an overstretch or sudden force.
• Signs and Symptoms: Typical signs and symptoms of this injury are hearing a popping noise during the injury, pain along the back of foot, pain above the heel, swelling and stiffness, difficulty flexing foot, inability to bend foot and walk with injured leg.
• Different severities: Achilles tendon ruptures can be partial or complete. In a partial rupture, the ligament is tear but not completely, it still connects the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles to the calcaneus bone but it is very delicate. …show more content…
Different types of surgeries are available for rotator cuff tears, these are arthroscopic tendon repair and open tendon repair. In arthroscope tendon repair, the surgeon inserts a small camera and tools through small incisions to reattach the damaged tendon to the bone. In other circumstances, an open tendon repair may be a better choice. In this procedure, the surgeon works through a large opening to reattach the tendon to the bone. Open tendon repairs naturally have a longer recovery time than surgeries done arthroscopically. After surgery, the injured area needs to be protected while the tendon heals. A sling may be used to keep arm from moving. Within the first four to six weeks after surgery, when pain allows, mobility exercises such as elbow flexion, crossover arm, and shoulder raises can be done. Progressive resistive exercises can be done after about eight weeks of surgery, starting from least resistance and working a way up, exercises such as shoulder external and internal rotation, rotation with arm abducted 90°, and elbow extension can be done with elastic bands and small …show more content…
The shoulder is the body's most moveable joint, which makes it vulnerable to dislocate.
• Signs and Symptoms: A evidently deformed or out of place shoulder, swelling or bruising, strong pain, incapability to move the joint, the dislocation may also cause numbness and weakness nearby the injury. The muscles in the shoulder may contract from the commotion, frequently increasing the intensity of the pain.
• Different Severities: When the shoulder dislocates, tearing of the muscles, ligaments or tendons that reinforce the shoulder joint can occur, nerves or blood vessels can be damaged around the shoulder joint, if these are stretched or torn surgery will be required to repair these tissues. Other elements that can be damaged as well, the rotator cuff could be compromised; the head of the humerus as well as the glenoid fossa can also be seriously hurt.
• Mechanism Of Injury: Anterior dislocation typically occurs with a strong force, such as an unexpected blow to the shoulder, to pull the bones out of place. Extreme rotation of the shoulder joint can pop the ball of the upper arm bone out of the shoulder

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