Causes Of Autism

Words: 1008
Pages: 5
Open Document
ABSTRACT
Autism is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, communication deficiency and repetitive behaviors. It affects millions of people globally including children of young age. Autism is highly inheritable, however, specific genes have yet to be directly associated with autism.
This research focuses on analyzing a set of publicly accessible gene expression data from blood samples of a group of children with autism and a group of children without (control group). The gene expression data were collected from peripheral blood lymphocyte samples from 146 children (77 with autism, 69 without) by researchers at University of Pennsylvania who designed an experiment to investigate global level gene expression …show more content…
Microarray-based gene expression profiling technology significantly advances large-scale gene discovery [2]. Researchers have been using this technology to map the gene expression from the blood samples of children with autism and without to compare the gene expression differences [3] [4].
This research focuses on analyzing a set of publicly accessible gene expression data from blood samples of a group of children with autism and a control group. Statistical analyses have been used to detect significant gene expression differences between the autism and the control group. Multiple testing corrections have also been applied to control the family-wise error rate (FWER) and false detection rate (FDR) form the large number of simultaneous hypothesis testing. A set of genes with significant differences has been identified, which can provide indications for future autism genetic …show more content…
All subjects were primarily Caucasian boys aging from 3 to 11 year old from the Phoenix, Arizona area. Children with autism had diagnosis from medical professionals. The children in the control group were recruited through scout, church and sports groups. Blood samples were taken within a few month time span in 2004. Gene expression profiling was performed, where total RNA was extracted from PBL samples. The Affymetrix Human Genome Arrays were used to measure the expression levels of 54,675 probe set, which covered 47,000 unique transcripts including 38,500 characterized human genes. The arrays were scanned to extract raw signal intensity values per RNA set. A scaling factor of 150 was used to normalize the array signal intensity. The arrays were scanned in 1 day on 2 different machines and divided into two batches based on which machine it went through. The comparison groups were balanced between the 2 batches. Batch 1 had 31 autism subjects and 37 control subjects, while Batch 2 had 46 autism subjects and 32 control subjects. A limited number of array samples were rescanned to make sure that there were no significant differences between machines [4]. All subjects were de-identified before the
Show More

Related Documents: Causes Of Autism

The Cause Of Autism

Autism Autism is classified as a complex developmental disability. Autism has been a term that has been used over one hundred years ago until this present time .The term itself comes from the Greek word ‘’autos’’ which actually means self. Basically the conditions are described where a person is removed from social interaction. In 1943 Leo Kanner, a psychiatrist who attends John Hopkins University discovers the term autism .The discovery was used on children who were self-absorbed and severe communication…

Words 934 - Pages 4

Does Autism Cause Mental Disorders?

births has a mental disorder called autism. Autism is a mental disorder that an individual develops in their early childhood with causes of abnormal brain structure, shape, and function. Also, it is a developmental disability, which means the signs of autism would not happen right away, but will develop throughout their years. This mental disorder deals with the impairment of someone’s ability to communicate and their interaction with others. People with autism cannot control the effects of their…

Words 1098 - Pages 5

Mccarthy: Does Vaccinations Cause Autism

trying to argue that vaccinations are unsafe and potentially cause autism. McCarthy’s whole argument is based on that vaccinations cause autism because of the viruses and other things that are in them. However, McCarthy’s argument lacks scientific evidence. She has no direct evidence that proves the link between autism and vaccines. In my opinion, McCarthy uses an emotional appeal in order to make people believe that vaccinations cause autism. Another celebrity who is strongly against vaccinations is…

Words 323 - Pages 2

Why Do Vaccinations Cause Autism?

There has been a huge controversial issue over vaccines and their linkage to autism. Some people believe vaccinations do cause autism, and some people believe they do not cause autism. Vaccinations are immunity that protect you from a disease or infection without actually having the disease itself. And autism is a complex disorder of brain development. The reason these two are linked together is because of some of the chemicals and such put into vaccines that damage the central nervous system and…

Words 1837 - Pages 8

The Effects Of Autism On Children

Autism is a collection of complex neurodevelopment disorders it is described by repetitive and typical patterns of behavior. Autism appears in the first three years of life. It impairs communication and social interaction. Autism mostly affect boys than girls. There is no exact known number of children affected by Autism. If we had to look at numbers according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It appears that the data on autism in the United States has shown 1 in 68 children…

Words 638 - Pages 3

Argumentative Essay On Autism

A highly controversial topic that is debated to cause autism is the Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccination, also known as the MMR vaccine. Some believe this is a myth but a lot of data supports the link between the vaccine and autism. This vaccination is a two-shot process of vaccines which contain high doses of mercury because it has three vaccines in one shot and is given twice. This vaccine is first given to children between the age of 12 and 15 months, while the second shot is given between the…

Words 1074 - Pages 5

Research Paper On Autism

Notes on Autism/ What is Autism? Autism is a lifelong developmental disability that affects how a person communicates with, and relates to, other people. It also affects how they make sense of the world around them. Autism is a spectrum condition, which means that, while all people with autism share certain difficulties, their condition will affect them in different ways. Autism Spectrum Disorder or ASD for short is a developmental disability that can cause social, communication and behavioral…

Words 1259 - Pages 6

What Is Autism?

A common question people ask nowadays is, "What is Autism?" Most people know very little about autism. What little do people know usually comes from movies and TV, and it usually is not true. So then, many people have “common misconceptions” about autism, and the people affected by it. Autism was first discovered by and viewed as a disease was by Leo Kanner, a scientist, in 1943. There are many causes to autism, many that are just theories, there are a lot of symptoms, but up to this day there hasn’t…

Words 1663 - Pages 7

Child Autism Research Paper

communicate is the condition, Autism. This paper will discuss what Autism is, the signs and symptoms of Autism, the causes of Autism, the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of Autism, the effects of Autism on children and their families, the educational outlook of children with Autism, and the treatments for children with Autism. Autism is a neural development disorder that is characterized by impairment in social interaction, and of verbal and non-verbal…

Words 1588 - Pages 7

Autism research paper

English Lang&Comp. Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or autism is a general term that people use to describe a series of complex brain development disorders. This disease affects a person’s social skills and causes the brain to react differently in social situations than most peoples. Autism is most commonly found in a child’s first 3 years of their life, but it is not uncommon for an adult to be diagnosed with autism. ASD affects more than 2 million people in the…

Words 3009 - Pages 13