Commerce Law And Society Glossary

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Commerce Law and Society Glossary

• Civil Laws: The body of laws established by a state or nation for its own regulation
• Court: A body of people presided over by a judge, judges, or magistrate, and acting as a tribunal in civil and criminal cases.
• Defendant: An individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.
• Jurisdiction: The official power to make legal decisions and judgements.
• Precedent: An earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
• Solicitor: A member of the legal profession qualified to deal with conveyancing, the drawing up of wills, and other legal matters. A solicitor may also instruct barristers and represent clients in some courts.
• Common Law: The part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes.
• Criminal Law: A system of law concerned with the punishment of offenders.
• Law: The system of rules which a particular country or community recognises as regulating the actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties. • Indictable Offence: In many common law jurisdictions, an indictable offence is an offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury.
• Lawyer: A person who practises or studies law, especially (in the UK) a solicitor or a barrister or (in the US) an attorney.
• Prosecutor: A person, especially a public official, who institutes legal proceedings against someone.
• Statute Law: The body of principles and rules of law laid down in statutes.
• Constitution: A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organisation is acknowledged to be governed.
• Damages: Physical harm that impairs the value, usefulness, or normal function of something. • Summary Offence: An offence within the scope of a summary court.
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• Verdict: A decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal
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