Similar to Emma, in the movie Clueless, Heckerling critiques the arrogant nature of elite groups that function in a rigidly defined society, governed by wealth and superficial values. Clueless takes place during the late twentieth-century in America’s glamorous world of Beverly Hills, Los Angeles. Cher’s world is constructed as a consumerist society, governed by materialism and superficial values. Set in a typical American high school, cultural values of popularity and defined social groups can be clearly depicted, and one can draw similar parallels to Emma’s hierarchical class system. In the opening montage of the movie, the array of fast-paced cuts depicts teenagers shopping, and also highlights the public skin display in the way they dress. The opening sequence depicts twentieth century America, as a society that values image and