Hypothermia was tested in two ways. How long it would take to lower the body temperature to death and how to revive the frozen victim were two methods. Doctors made patients drink seawater to see if it was potable. Some say they saw patients drinking off the mopped floor because the patients were so thirsty. Scientists tested numbers of methods in order to develop an inexpensive procedure for the mass sterilization of racially and genetically unwanted people. Many surgeries were performed without anesthesia to help with the pain. Surgeries on pregnant women and repairing damage done to women’s breast after being lacerated with whips were the two main types of surgeries. High altitude experimental subjects were placed in a low-pressure chamber and then the simulated altitude was raised. Most victims died as a result, and many of the survivors suffered injury due to exposure to extreme atmospheric conditions. A sign over an entrance to a camp read ARBEIT MACHT FREI, which means “work makes one free.” This was the opposite of the truth. Labor became a form of genocide that the Nazis called “extermination through work.” Scientists injected infectious diseases into patients to find an antidote. They tried to find a cure for many diseases such as malaria, typhus, tuberculosis, yellow fever, and infectious hepatitis. Vast genetic experiments were attempted. The range of the testing was broad and specialized. Two major groups of experiments were to first refine the master race and second to determine the cause of imperfection. Twins were a major experimental subject to Dr. Mengele. Twins were sewed together in hopes of creating conjoined twins. They were injected with different chemicals into the eyes to see if it would change their eye color. Dr. Mengele was eager to learn about premature babies.