Three perspectives of IHRM -‐ Cross Cultural Mgmt -‐ IHRM in multinational context -‐ comparative HR und IR system
1.1 GLOBALIZATION
-‐ development of knowledge economy -‐ competitive advantage: how people become “strategic” o industrial economy: labor money & materials o post industrial economy: human knowledge & other intellectual resources
Key features of globalization -‐ greater integration & interdependency of national economies; leading to freer movements of goods, services, money, peope & knowledge -‐ rise of regional integration blocs (trade etc.) -‐ growth of global investment & financial flows -‐ convergence of consumer lifestyles & preferences -‐ globalization of production
Three different views on Globalization -‐ economic level – trade liberalization worldwide -‐ industry level – varies: highly standardizied vs. locally focussed -‐ organization/product level – brands modified to suit consumer preference
Evolvement of managerial orientation in multinational businesses -‐ Evolve from: o ethnocentric: favors use of managers from parent country o polycentric: favors use of managers from host country -‐ Then to: o regiocentric: stylized around regional tastes & preferences o geocentric: selects managers based on best people for job irrespective of location
1.2 EVOLUTION OF HRM: ADMINSTRATIVE STRATEGIC
Basic HRM functions -‐ HR planning, staffing -‐ performance mgmt., training & development -‐ compensation & benefits -‐ industrial relations management
Changing role of HRM -‐ traditional: HR as Personnel Manager -‐ Modern: HR as Strategic Partner o cultural change for innovation o create strategic alternatives o HR systems with strategic assets o contribute to orga’s core competence
Supporting & Shaping Business Strategy
Strategically reactive HR
Structure & Modes of INT.
IHRM Issues & Functions
Export Sales subs. & foreign branches
Limited IHRM involvement Staffing with PCNs & HCNs; cross cultural training Transfer of technology & mgmt. knowhow to HCNs Coordinating IHRM with domestic HRM subsidiaries Mix of TCNs, HCNs & PCNs; complex knowledge transfers Mgmt. progression; staff loyalty Increased complexity; equity issues
Foreign production Global product division Transnational structure International alliance Inter-‐organizational networks
Additional dimensions of IHRM -‐
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Greater range of HR activities More involvement in personal lifes (relocation of whole