Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2012). The leadership challenge (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Cox, J. D. (2009). Leadership without a leader: An exploratory study of collaborative leadership. (Order No. 3359818, Capella University). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 260-n/a. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/305159331?accountid=9744. (305159331).
- Collaboration requires a mindset that reaches beyond a systems-based thinking; rather, it requires people to understand and reflect the complex and process nature of human interaction. This mindset challenges the dominant discourse in a radical way, offering in its place assumptions of seeing individual and organization simultaneously as part of the same social construct.
- Transformational leadership theory. “Transformational leaders inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes by providing both meaning and understanding” (Boerner et al., 2007, p. 16). Humphreys (2001) said this inspiration is accomplished based on a value system where the leader demonstrates charisma, motivates followers through inspiration, stimulates the intellectual capabilities of followers, and is attuned to the individuality of 31followers. Focus is placed on cultivating dedication on the part of followers, not because of any self-interest exchange but rather on the belief that what is being done is for the good of the whole. Under this leadership approach, “leaders and followers share mutual interests and a sense of shared fates and interdependence” (Bass & Avolio, 1993, p. 116). Transformational leaders are considered to be visionary change agents and have the ability to use instability and uncertainty to institute change in an organization. Transformational leaders guide people as they develop shared meanings about organizational topics such as values, issues, and operations (Kent, Crotts, & Azziz, 2001). To accomplish this concept of sharing, Yukl (2002) said that leaders “Articulate a clear and appealing vision. Explain how the vision can be attained. Act confidently and