Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

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Mindfulness meditation is soaked in centuries of Buddhist practice and philosophy. In the late 20th century these practices were integrated into western interventions to treat physical and mental diseases. Jon Kabat-Zinn and colleagues. firstly, introduced mindfulness meditative practices to treat chronic pain and improved a program called Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR; 1). Consequently, Zindel Segal and colleagues, extended the use of mindfulness meditation into psychiatry by developing a treatment program for the inhibition of depression relapse that combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness techniques and was called Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT; 2). Since the development of MBSR and MBCT many other Mindfulness-Based …show more content…
They are consisting of 8 weekly 2-2.5-hour classes that carry approximately 12 patients. In addition, these programs are usually including a 1-day retreat. A key feature of MBIs is the teaching in formal and informal mindfulness meditation practices to train both the attentional control component and the non-judgmental attitudinal aspects of mindfulness as mentioned above. Formal practices include sitting meditation, mindful movement such as (walking and yoga exercises) and the body scan; mindfully exploring bodily sensations, begins with the feet and progressively moves to the head and neck. The mindfulness meditation exercises focus on paying attention to body sensations, emotions, ideas and thoughts. MBIs have a vital homework component with guided (usually with audio recording) and assigned as daily home practice. It also includes informal practices that target to integrate mindful awareness in daily activities, For example: mindful eating ("the raisin exercise") and mindful brushing of teeth. In MBCT the "3-minute breathing space" is a central program aims to incorporate what's learned in the formal meditation practices in daily life. The workout consists of three phases; becoming aware of thoughts, Ideas and feelings and body sensations, then bring the attention to the ventilation, and ultimately expands the attention to the body. Another important feature of MBIs is …show more content…
Nevertheless, these efficacy trials do not reveal how these interventions lead to resolve the symptom. By Considering the support for MBI researchers have begun to test the mechanisms that may lead to symptom change in the context of this interventions. These include examination of psychological, and neural mechanisms that described below.
Neural mechanism
The effects of mindfulness and meditation training on the brain have been considered in over one hundred brain imaging studies, which are subdivided into two types: structural and functional. Structural brain imaging, typically with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), provides a high-resolution 3D image of the brain from which multiple features of brain anatomy can be measured. Functional brain imaging or measuring the brain function, brain activation, provides a full information about the brain, and both are used on brain meditation examination.
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