1. Mucosa – surface epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae/secretion, absorption, and protection * Submucosa – none/protection, nutrition * Muscularis externa – smooth muscle layers (inner -circularly/outer -longitudinally)/regulates gastrointestinal motility * Serosa/adventitia – mesothelium, visceral peritoneum, adventitia/protects, anchors, reduces friction
2. alimentary, digestive 3. Circular and longitudinal layers of muscles, there is also a layer that runs obliquely./churns stomach and moves food along gi tract, breaks food into smaller pieces and propels food into small intestine. 4. Squamous cells (esophagus) and columnar cell (gastric mucosa)/Stratified squamous is for protection, and simple columnar is for absorption. 5. The colon is part of the large intestine and is segmented into three distinctive parts. They are named ascending colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. The large intestine runs from the ileocecal valve to the anus. 6. L, Y, P, C, N/V, W, Q, F/L/K, D, S, H, M, I, T, E, J, X, B, V, K, T, R, U, T, O, J, A, G 7. Right side – mouth (oral cavity), tongue, sublingual gland, submandibular gland, gallbladder, liver, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, bile duct, bile sphincter, main pancreatic duct, small intestine, jejunum, ascending colon, lleum, cecum, appendix/Left side – parotid gland, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, large intestine, spleen, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal, anus 8. Gastric pits, simple columnar