Parking Ordinance

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Parking ordinance is the primary parking management tool of the local governments. According to this tool, planners conduct a specific minimum number of space requirements to development projects through zoning codes based on each type of land use and project size (State of Maryland, 2002). Land uses are divided into four different category in general by the Urban Land Institute (2000); City Center, Office, Industrial and Residential. But when we search plans of new developments, each development has different amount of parking provided, even though some of them have similar characteristics (Davidson & Dolnick, 2002). As the Planning Advisory Service (PAS) found in their 2002 parking requirements survey, 662 land uses and 216 different factors were identified for different parking requirements (Shoup, 2006).
To set a parking requirement, 1) the land use should be identified, 2) the basis should be chosen, 3) The minimum amount of parking space per unit should be decided by an urban planner …show more content…
They also effect land uses and new potential developments and prevent to create compact city centers. Instead, more flexible approaches would be more beneficial for developing cities.
• Leads to urban sprawl, separate land uses, reduce densities, decrease walkability, increase air pollution, traffic congestion, energy consumption and automobile dependency (State of Maryland, 2002). To eliminate these negative impacts, we can minimize the amount of off-street parking and downsize minimum parking requirements (Davidson & Dolnick, 2002).
• The high cost of providing the required parking spaces raises housing cost while it decreases land value and density.
• Categorizes of every use are same but in different neighborhoods or different cities each use has different needs and characters. So, project-by-project basis approaches are more appropriate for planning rather than standard

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