Essay on Poverty and Development Gap

Submitted By Felda123
Words: 4057
Pages: 17
Open Document
Topic 5: Bridging the Development Gap

What do I need to know? * How the development Gap can be measured * Theories on why the gap exists * The role of different Key players on development * General physical, economic, political and social causes of the gap * Role of trade and investment in the development gap * Social, economic and environmental impacts of the development gap * Impacts on minority groups * Impacts on Megacities * The positive and negative impacts of countries trying to close the gap on migration and the environment * Theoretical ways of reducing the development gap * The advantages and disadvantages of methods of closing the development gap

Key Terms: Aid | Refers to gifts or repayable loans made by one country to another | Apartheid | Meaning segregation, used to describe a political and legal system used in South Africa to separate different ethnic groups | Bilateral aid | Foreign aid (in the shape of money, expertise, education or technology) from a single donor to a country | Bottom-up development | Occurs at a community level – people’s needs are indentified and local projects are designed to meet them | Capital-intensive | High-cost industries such as mining where machines do most of the work and few jobs are created | Debt service | Payments of interest, plus a proportion of the original loan, which are required in order to pay back a debt over a given period of time | Development | Means ‘change’ and implies change is for the better | Development gap | The social and economic disparity between the wealthy and the poor | Formal economy | The economy that is regulated by the state so is taxed and monitored by the government. | Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | The value of goods and services produced in a country over a year. | Gross National Product (GNP) | Like GDP but includes overseas investment such as shares and earnings for overseas companies and branches. | Human Development Index (HDI) | Created by the UN to provide a measure of life expectancy, education and GDP for every country in the world. | Informal economy | All economic activities that are neither taxed or monitored by the government | Investment | Refers to repayable loans used to develop a country but with an expectation of a share of the profits e.g. when TNCs invest in a factory | Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) | Agreed at the UN summit in 2000, 8 goals were agreed to provide a set of development goals for the world to reach by 2015 | Multilateral aid | Aid given from alliances for several countries or organisations to another | Multiplier Effect | An effect in economies in which an increase in spending produces an increase in the national income and consumption greater than the amount originally spent | Neo-liberalism | Idea that market exchange is capable of acting as a guide for all human action. State interventions are minimized including the obligations for the state to provide for the welfare of its citizens | Out-sourcing | The employment of people overseas to do jobs previously done by people in the home country | Per capita | Per person | Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) | Shows what per capita income will purchase when the cost of living is taken into consideration | Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAP) | Re-scheduling loans to make them more affordable | Tied Aid | Where foreign aid benefits the donor in the shape of interest repayments, access to new markets or political allegiance. | Top-down development | Development projects are made by governments or large organisations | Trade liberalisation | Also known as ‘free trade’, removing barriers such as duties or customs |

How the development Gap can be measured * Gross Domestic Product – total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year. Does not take into account the way in which the cost of living may vary between countries. Also only
Show More

Related Documents: Essay on Poverty and Development Gap

Industrial Revolution Research Paper

During the Industrial Revolution, technological developments contributed to a large extent towards the economic boom. A large economic change swept over Britain during the Industrial Revolution, since new technology was being implemented in processing and trading goods. The result of a hike in technology over a short period of time resulted in numerous economic changes. A new economic class called the ‘middle class’ was formed, who were interested in taking the risk of investing in technology, to…

Words 804 - Pages 4

Gender Pay Gap Analysis

Poverty is a global issue which affects many aspects of one’s life (Shah, 2011). There are 1.4 billion people living below the $1.25 a day poverty line (Shah, 2011). In all countries, women continue to experience higher rates of poverty than men (Shah, 2011). The gender pay gap amounts to 23 percent in developed countries and 27 percent in developing economies (Oostendorp, 2009). The feminization of poverty is a phenomenon that expresses that women are increasingly the ones who suffer the most from…

Words 1565 - Pages 7

parenting style social mobility tcm8 20 Essay

evidence BRIEFING SOCIAL MOBILITY - PARENTING Parenting style influences child development and social mobility Pregnancy and infancy are now recognised as crucial periods for child development, but parental influences extend well beyond the early months of a child’s life. A growing body of research suggests that good parenting skills and a supportive home learning environment are positively associated with children’s early achievements and wellbeing. Hence interventions to improve the quality of…

Words 3576 - Pages 15

Gender Pay Gap Analysis

The Simple Truth About the Gender Pay Gap acknowledges, “In 2016 women ages 20–24 were paid 96 percent of what men were paid, decreasing to 78–89 percent from age 25 to age 54. By the time workers reach 55–64 years old, women are paid only 74 percent of what men are paid” (Miller). As the wage gap between men and women lengthens, the further women are from success. Although, society has unanimously established that…

Words 1127 - Pages 5

Causes Of Income Inequality Across The United States

Essay 5 Income inequality can be seen across the United States. Some families struggle to put food on the table, while others have more money than they know what to do with. There are many factors that contribute to the income gap, but there are a few key causes. As technology has become more advanced, manufacturers have outsourced unskilled labor to other countries such as China. Cheap labor means lower prices for producers and consumers (Amadeo). The problem with outsourcing is that there are…

Words 722 - Pages 3

Podcast Analysis: The Death Gap

Briefly, explain what this podcast is about. The Death Gap is about the life expectancy across the United States and the chance of living a healthy life based on the neighborhood we live in and our economic status. According to the Podcast living in poverty and if we are poor in this Country life is much more difficult. Because of the poor health care options and lack of resources people in poverty are offered. According to Dr. Ansell being poor affects people’s life because of the lack of access…

Words 596 - Pages 3

Early Catastrophe Betty Hart And Risley Summary

Hart and Todd R. Risley is a research article following the language gap in children from various socioeconomic backgrounds. The researchers predicted language development skills observed in young children would affect how they performed in school at an older age. They observed 42 children in their homes from infancy to age three to gather data on their vocabulary and make future predictions about development trajectories and gaps between the socioeconomic class. Then, they revisited 29 of the children…

Words 648 - Pages 3

Poverty In Haiti Essay

corruption and natural disasters contribute to the wide spread poverty in Haiti. Consequently, many economic policies were introduced and implemented to alleviate the phenomena of poverty in Haiti. For instance, Structural adjustment programs (SAP) were implemented in Haiti in the 1980’s to revamp the economic market to promote development (Weisbrot, 1997). International financial institutions such as the World Bank, IMF, and Inter-American Development were significantly known for the role in shaping economic…

Words 469 - Pages 2

Bus 3303 Unit 4 Research Paper

investopedia.com/terms/m/missionstatement.asp#::text=Companies%20can%20benefit%20from%20having,right%20decisions%20about%20its%20future. Haan, K. (2023, February 27). Gender Pay Gap Statistics In 2024. Forbes Advisor. Retrieved February 25, 2024, from https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/gender-pay-gap-statistics/ Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2022. 2023, September 12 -. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 25, 2024, from…

Words 1556 - Pages 7

Child Poverty

the negative effects of poverty on children and adolescent well-being around the United States and abroad, it will also explores some of the main issues surrounding child poverty. Poverty has been shown to dramatically influence child's health and development along with a number of other factors in a child's life. Poverty in children is issue that is all across the world. About half of the worlds children are poverty stricken. Child poverty is connected to the level of poverty that is experienced by…

Words 1022 - Pages 5