Questions and Answers on Lipids and Fatty Acids Essay

Submitted By kpierott
Words: 840
Pages: 4
Open Document
Case Study: The Skeletal System

Questions
1. What do lipids have in common?
All lipids are hydrophobic, which means they are insoluble in water (Tamarkin, 2011).

2. Describe the molecular structure of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
The molecular structure of saturated fatty acids consists of single bonds connected to each carbon, which results in a maximum amount of hydrogen atoms on the molecule. The molecular structure of unsaturated fatty acids consists of single and double bonds connected to its carbon atoms. This results in fewer hydrogen atoms due to the double bonding (Chen and Jayant).

3. Compare the structures and melting points of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids with the same number of carbon atoms.
Saturated fatty acids have a higher melting point because its structure contains single bonds with each carbon, which results in a maximum number of hydrogen atoms. The more hydrogen atoms, the higher the melting point. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have a lower melting point then monounsaturated fatty acids because polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds within its carbon structure. Monounsaturated fatty acids only have one double bond contained in its structure. Because polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds, it contains less hydrogen atoms connected to the molecule, resulting in a lower melting point then monounsaturated fatty acids. The lower amount of hydrogen atoms in the molecule, the lower the melting point (Chen and Jayant).

4. Describe the difference of cis- and trans-arrangements.
In a cis- arrangement, two hydrocarbon chains are on one side of the double bond, and two hydrogen atoms are found on the opposite side of the double bond (Chen and Jayant). I like to think that the hydrocarbon chains create a “C” shape from the double bond. “C” equals cis! In a trans- arrangement, two hydrocarbon chains are on opposite sides of the double bond, as well as the hydrogens (Chen and Jayant). I like to think that the hydrocarbon chains create an “S” shape along the double bond.

5. Compare the melting points of cis- and trans-fatty acids isomers.
Trans-fatty acids are more saturated because their structure has less resistance to bend, resulting in a higher melting point then cis-fatty acids. Cis- fatty acids are more flexible to bend, which means they are less saturated and have lower melting points (Chen and Jayant). 6. Why have artificial trans fats been banned from New York city’s restaurants by the New York Health Department since July 2008?
Trans fats have been banned because they can be a huge hazard to our body resulting in clogged arteries. Trans fats are believed to be harmful because they contribute to heart disease by raising bad cholesterol and lowering good cholesterol at the same time (msnbc.com, 2006). Bad cholesterol is transported from the liver to the tissues, which leads to clogging in the blood vessels (Chen and Jayant).

7. Briefly explain why Dolly has to shake the salad dressing, a mixture of olive oil and vinegar, before pouring it onto her salad.
Both oils have different polarities which means they don’t like to stay mix. Before pouring this mixture on salad, Dolly has to shake it up vigorously until most of it is mixed to pour on the salad or else the oils won’t be evenly dispersed and will remain separated.

8.
Show More

Related Documents: Questions and Answers on Lipids and Fatty Acids Essay

Essay on Template IB Evaluating BMI

Name: Block: IB Evaluating BMI & Lipids Lipids make up an important part of the human diet as they are energy dense molecules. It is actually essential to have a percentage of body weight be composed of fat for both men and women, approximately 14-24% in men and 21-31% in women1. Moving below or above can be dangerous to one’s health. One of the most often discussed national topics in the media is the problems of obesity in America. Obesity can be measured by a formula called body mass index that…

Words 737 - Pages 3

Understanding Nutrition Midterm Quiz & Answer Key Essays

higher d. vitamins A and C are found in liberal quantities 27) Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of a. amino acids b. double bonds c. saccharide units d. peptide linkages 28) Which of the following is a common dietary saturated fatty acid? a. oleic acid b. stearic acid c. linolenic acid d. arachidonic acid 29) Which of the following chemical characteristics of fatty acids determines their susceptibility to spoilage by oxygen? a. chain…

Words 1903 - Pages 8

The Characteristic Of Life Defined As Movement Of A Cell Or Organism Is Called What

Question 1 | | | The characteristic of life defined as an increase in mass is termed what?Answer | | | | | Correct Answer: | 3. growth | | | | | Question 2 | | | A population consists of all the species living in a certain area. Answer | | | | | Correct Answer: | False | | | | | Question 3 | | | Which plane cuts the body into superior and inferior sections? Answer | | | | | Correct Answer: | 2. axial or transverse | | | | | Question…

Words 2652 - Pages 11

Bio 12 Essays

____________________________________ Date: _________________________ Teacher Signature: _______________________________ Biology 12: Substantive Assignment Name: _______________ Date: _______________ Use the following reading to answer the questions below (right click to select floating window to keep document on top) /30 1. a) What is the formula for glucose? (1 mark). ___________________________________________ b) You will notice that the ratio of Carbons:Hydrogens:Oxygens is 1:2:1…

Words 406 - Pages 2

Importance Of Science In Biology

notice natural world * Don’t be biased 2. Question * Precisely phrase * Testable * Focus on objects, organisms, and events in natural world * Connect to scientific concepts rather than opinions, feelings, beliefs 3. Hypothesize – educated guess; possible answer to question * Must be testable and falsifiable * Null hypothesis – statement of no difference 4. Predict 5. Test 6. Conclusion – answer the hypothesis using data obtained; may need to retest…

Words 1251 - Pages 6

Exam 1 Study Guide Ch1 4 Essays

Newton, and others began to use the results of particular experiments to infer general principles about how the world operates How Science is Done First, scientists make observations that raise a particular question. They develop a number of potential explanations (hypotheses) to answer the question. Next, they carry out…

Words 3459 - Pages 14

Cellular Respiration Lab Report

release energy. Not really sure of the question/answer. In terms of the cell respiration intermediary molecules, explain where the all the carbon atoms (C) in CO2 comes from when you exhale. Be specific. CO2 which usually takes glucose and oxygen which produces carbon dioxide, water, and heat. This is makes ADP available to be made into ATP or other oxidation reactions. Carbon comes from fatty-acids or carbohydrates - wherever acetyl CoA in the Citric Acid Cycle came from. CO2 that comes out of…

Words 992 - Pages 4

General Biology Essay Questions

General Biology Essay Questions (Student Supplied Answers) Due 10/13/14 Summarize Chapter 1. Include the following concepts: Darwin and natural selection, Characterization of life and the hierarchy of life, general cell types and the process of the scientific method. Chapter one consists on evolution and the fundamentals of biology. For example on November 1859 Charles Robert Darwin published the Origin of species a book he wrote about natural selection. Natural selection by definition is a process…

Words 1421 - Pages 6

Essay on Effects of Temperature and Solvents on the Cell Membrane

Be specific. DISCUSSION OF PRECONCEPTIONS Have one person, from each group, discuss with the class the group’s answer to each question. III. EXPLORATION OF SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLE & INTRODUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL PROBLEM What effect will temperature changes have on a membrane? EXPERIMENT AND TECHNICAL OOPERATION OF EQUIPMENT PROCEDURE 1.…

Words 1436 - Pages 6

Notes On Biology

data Recorded observations. Qualitative - recorded descriptions Quantitative - measurements inductive reasoning The collection and analysis of observations to lead to important conclusions. hypothesis Tentative answer to a well-framed question. deductive reasoning After hypothesis is formed; Involves logic that flows in the oppotsite direction, from general to specific. controlled experiment One that is designed to compare an experimental group with a control…

Words 2755 - Pages 12