Essay about The Electric vehicle

Submitted By life2015
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Pages: 7
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There are three discrete brands of batteries applied in electric vehicles that are utilized in Canada today: Lead- Acid, Lithium-ion, and Nickel-Metal-Hydride batteries. Battery electric vehicles are impelled by a battery identified as lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries are merely used in commercially electric vehicle vehicles for subsidiary loads. “Lead-acid batteries are reliable, relatively low cost, and easily recycled, but they are limited by the weight and size needed to provide even a limited vehicle range. Lead-acid battery powered vehicles are commonly used in low-speed, short-range applications, such as for golf carts, local delivery, and fork-lift trucks for warehousing. These batteries are not used in the highway-capable vehicles discussed in this report.” “Lead-acid batteries can be designed to be high power and are inexpensive, safe, and reliable.” (Ontario Ministry of Transportation. U.S. Department of Energy). As a result, lead-acid batteries are efficient for the local because they do not affect the natural environment that people exist in, workers do not have to worry where to dispose the batteries when they are done with. These days’ lead-acid batteries are the most inexpensive and the majority of batteries that attract people. Because of their developed technology, low cost, and soaring availability lead-acid batteries have been exploited in nearly all electric vehicles. An alternative type of battery that has been extensively used in electric vehicles are nickel-metal-hydride-batteries. “They outperform lead-acid batteries in the total energy they can store for a given battery weight. Material costs are relatively high, but battery life is long since NiMH batteries can withstand thousands of charging and discharging cycles.” “…..offer reasonable specific energy and specific power capabilities. Nickel-metal hydride batteries have a much longer life cycle than lead-acid batteries and are safe and abuse tolerant. These batteries have been used successfully in all-electric vehicles and are widely used in hybrid electric vehicles.” “They also have a higher self discharge rate – the tendency to discharge themselves when left unused, although they are capable of delivering rapid power bursts, repeated rapid discharges with high loads reduce the battery’s cycle life.” (Ontario Ministry of Transportation, U.S. Department of Energy, Canadian Automobile Association). As a result, the nickel-metal-hydride battery is the matter that is used to store power. Nickel-metal-hydride batteries contain numerous benefits in excess of other rechargeable batteries consisting of cycle life, safety, and non- hazardous material. This type of battery is able to maintain and sustain a high discharging/charging aptitude over an excessive period of time and are sturdy. The Nickel Metal Hydride battery structure has established its advantage of its power density, energy density, and life means as a complex battery for many transportation items one of which the electric vehicle. A conclusive classification of batteries that has also been identified and utilized by electric vehicles are lithium ion and lithium polymer batteries. “Lithium ion and lithium ion polymer batteries are starting to be used in some plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles where they provide the major advantage of high power density. Although cost is an obstacle at present, lithium batteries are well suited to the demands placed on batteries in PHEVs and BEVs. In these vehicles the batteries must be able to withstand nearly complete discharge (or draining) of energy on a daily basis (deep discharging). Battery manufacturers also need to optimize the number of years that the battery will last, the number of deep discharge cycles that it can endure, the rate at which its energy storage capacity degrades with age, and recharge time. Battery manufacturers have made substantial progress in these areas, and continuing technical advances will lead to even
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