Change In Sudan

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• Introduction
In many regions of the world, such Africa, southern and Central America, and south and Southeast Asia, climates are extremely variable from year to year, and recurrent drought and flood problems often affect entire countries over multiyear periods. These often result in serious social problems. Climate change is considered as posing the greatest challenge to agriculture and food security in Africa. This is because the region is vulnerable to climatic change and its coping capacity is perceived to be very low (Shah et al. 2008 and nellemann et al. 2009). Reports indicate that food production, including access to food, in many African countries is projected to be severely compromised by climate variability and change (IPCC, 2007). …show more content…
Sudan has poverty rates at around 46% (World Bank, 2011), with approximately 18.5 million people living in poverty. The majority of the population lives in rural settings (65% on average) and this proportion is higher in the western states (around 75%), with rural poverty at around 58% (World Bank, 2011). The World Bank estimates that up to 80% of the labor force is engaged in agriculture, accounting for around one third of the GDP, a proportion that has increased in the last few years due to reduced revenue from oil. Agriculture, therefore, plays a critical role in both household and national economy. Agriculture is also predominately rain fed in Sudan, which means there is an inherent sensitivity to rainfall amounts and timings, making climate change a key factor in the future of Sudan’s economy, livelihoods, and food security. Kordofan region is located in the mid-west of Sudan (latitudes 9.50 and 16.40 Nº and longitudes 27-32 Eº). It covers an area of some 376,145 km² (146,932 miles²), representing 24% of the total area of the country, with an estimated population in 2000 of 3.6 million. The region is endowed with diverse ecological zones ranging from desert in the north to rich savannah, with some mountains areas in the southern parts. During the rainy season from June to September, the area is fertile, but in the dry season, it is virtually deserted. The region is divided into two States; North and south Kordofan States, each subdivided into a number of localities (El-hag et al. 2011).Alquoz locality is located in southern Kordofan state. It’s an important focal point linking south Kordofan state with the rest states of Sudan through a network of roads and railway line. The region is semi-arid, temperatures range between (24.96 to 41.2 Cº) and a rainfall ranging between (216 to 560 mm) and notes that there is a severe fluctuation in rainfall during the last years of 2003-2015 (meteorological, 2014).The
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