They fought great and improved American armies to a great standstill on the Niagara front and appeared in Chesapeake Bay with intent on capturing Washington. Madison unwisely entrusted defense of the city to a rebellious secretary of war, and bad-tempered, John Armstrong, and to a general, William H. Winder. A small but well-disciplined British force defeated the disorganized Americans at Bladensburg as Madison watched from a nearby hillside. His humiliation was huge when he saw flames of the burning Capitol and burning White House while retreating across the Potomac