Moreover, the G1 checkpoint ensures that the cell's DNA is intact and suitable for replication. Yet, the S phase checkpoint monitors the DNA synthesis process, while the G2 checkpoint ensures that all DNA has been accurately replicated before mitosis begins. Indeed, when radiation causes DNA damage, it can activate these checkpoints, halting the cell cycle and allowing time for repair mechanisms to correct the damage. Additionally, this protective mechanism prevents the propagation of mutations that could lead to cancerous growth, thus providing a critical advantage for the cell's overall health and stability (Clark, Douglas, & Choi, 2023). The comparison of Two Phases of Mitosis alongside, Meiosis Well, the Prophase I of meiosis and prophase in mitosis, as well as anaphase I of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis, showcases significant differences. Moreover, during prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. This recombination is essential for genetic diversity. In contrast, during prophase of mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible, but no pairing or crossing over