138). (Cite Reference) which one? Specify | * Theoretical framework | The framework or the philosophical foundation is not explicitly identified for the study. The study is based on the previous researcher’s findings that well-being and quality of life profiles in patients suffering from unexplained chest pain deteriorate in accordance with increasing severity of pain. * The study findings addressed the unexplained chest pain issue and lack of intervention, which developed a framework for the future study. * (Cite Reference) * | * The framework is based on expert’s opinion and preliminary work suggested some the correlation factors that increasing the complication risks which are increased age, repeated intervention using the same vascular access site, anticoagulation, female gender, past medical history of peripheral vascular disease (PVD), past medical history of hypertension (HTN),undergoing a PCI and the presence of a venous sheath (Cite Reference) | * Population | * Those patients admitted to the Emergency Department who were under 70 years of age, and who had no organic cause for chest pain as ascertained by a physician. (Cite Reference) * | * Those patients who had experienced two or more episodes of chest pain in the past four weeks. * The study was conducted over a three month period. * Patients who underwent CC or PCI and were 21 years of age or older, and to whom the use of femoral artery for