Video Basics Essay

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Video Basics

* Image Chips * * CCD - Charged Coupling Device * * Different kids of CCDs and sometimes different numbers/layers of CCDs in cameras * Some devices have 3 CCDs * Some have 3 Layers (RGB) or sometimes (YCM) * Some DSLRs have this sensors * HD CMOS Sensor * * Most DSLRs have this * Can be different sizes * Either way = "Chip" * 1 Chip vs. 3 Chip * * 1 Chip = might use 1 chip at the image plane and sometimes its layered and records RGB separately and sometimes it only has one of the colors and mathematically figures out the other colors * In the old days, 3 chips were better than 1. Now, thats not so much the case * Formats: * * Analogue video tape (Beta SP, VHS, etc) * * analog signal is a wave form that looks like a heart monitor * disadvantage, each time you copy, you lose a signal strength * Digital video tape: MiniDV, DVcam, Digibeta, etc * * digital divides into samples * usually doesn't lose signal strength when making copies * File Based: MPEG-2, (Diff codecs) etc. * SD - 640 X 480 NTSC * HD - 1280 x 720 (720p), 1920X1080 (1080i), (1080p) * * Interlaced * * 30 fps, each frame has two fields * Progressive * * Just one frame * RED, Alexa, Viper, etc. * (fx - 1 = hdv1080i, ex3=) * Video Signal - 30fps, 60 cycles, NTSC * * White = 100 ire * Black = 7.5 ire * * ire is measurements of light and dark * Fields vs. Frames * * 30 fps * 2 - fields * * Odd and even * Made up of every other line of resolution in your video * Interlaced vs Progressive Scan * * Why did they interlace? * * It's because when it first came out, electronics weren't quick enough to make it look good. To make it look less flickery they would do this alternating scan line field. That

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