Chronic Health Essay

Submitted By Jowaiga
Words: 1618
Pages: 7
Open Document
IMPLEMENT & MONITOR NURSING CARE FOR CLIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEALTH PROBLEMS

INTRODUCTION:
Chronic definition: This describes a disease of long duration involving very slow changes. Such disease is often of gradual onset. (Oxford Nursing dictionary).
The chronic health problem that I am going to talk about is Diabetes Mellitus which is endocrine system disorder. It involve the pancreatic islets that produce two hormones, insulin and glucagon, which both helps to regulate blood glucose level. (funnel, Koutoukidis, et al(2005) Tabbners nursing Care, “Endocrine System” (see chapter 41, pp 698-702).

AETIOLOGY:
Diabetes Mellitus results from an insulin deficiency a hormone (or chemical messenger) produced in the pancreas, or from the production of substances antigonistic to insulin, which causes it to be ineffective. Insulin is needed to turn sugar and other food into energy. In diabetes, the body either doesn't make enough insulin or can’t use its own insulin as well as it should, or both. This causes sugar to accumulate in the blood, often leading to complications. This disorder may be caused byl;

Hereditary Factors,
Pancreatic Disorder,
By disorder of endocrine glands, such as the pituitary or adrenal glands,
Autoimmune attack, ie; Beta and T-cell immune.

This disorder is classified into two types:

Type 1-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM);
This type of diabetes mellitus results from the body's failure to produce insulin. It can occur at age from infancy up to about age 40. There is a sudden onset of signs and symptoms, which include weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and the presence of glucose and ketonies in the urine. Hyperglycaemia and dehydration accelerate the development of metabolic acidosis and, if untreated, can lead to coma and death.
Type 2-Non insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM);
This type of diabetes mellitus result from a condition in which the body fails to use insulin properly, combined with relative insulin deficiency. It is more likely to occur after the age of 40. The signs and symptoms develop slowly and the individual is generally obese. This type of diabetes mellitus can go undetected, as the sign and symptoms of fatigue, polyuria and polydipsia can be quite insignificant. Diagnosis occur when the individual presents with another disease, which is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, such as, a monilial infection, cataracts, degenerative changes in the blood vessels, or peripheral neuritis.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES MELLITUS INCLUDE: Thirst, frequent urination,
Tiredness or lack of energy,
Blurred vision,
Infection (eg. Thrush),
Weight loss (in type 1-diabetes).

The symptoms of diabetes may not appear until blood glucose levels are above approximately 15mmol/1 or higher. So, it is common to have diabetes without knowing about it.
In Australia, one adult in twelve has diabetes and the prevalence is increasing. Research has shown that for every person with known diabetes, there is another who has it but has not yet been diagnosed.

Diabetes mellitus is prone to range of complications, especially if the blood glucose level is uncontrolled. Complications include:

Hyperglycaemia - Blood sugar level higher than normal,
Diabetic ketoacidosis,
Hyperosmolar non-ketotic hyperglycaemia,
Retinopathy – Disease of retina.
Neuropathy – Disease of nervous tissue,
Cardiavascular and peripheral vascular disease,
Nephropathy- Disease of the kidney,
Hypoglycaemia (imbalance of food, exercise and medication).

DIAGNOSIC TESTS:
Blood test measure the body's use of glucose and include:
Glucose tolerance test. This test the individual fasts overnight before the administration of glucose. The test evaluates glucose absorption after its oral or intravenous administration and then the level is measured at intervals to diagnose diabetes mellitus.
Fasting serum glucose test (or fasting blood sugar). This test the
Show More

Related Documents: Chronic Health Essay

Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care

relatively high prevalence of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems, and others. These diseases greatly increase rates of morbidity and mortality. In addition to producing pain, impairment, and decreased mobility that lower quality of life, these illnesses place a significant financial burden on people and healthcare systems. The costly expenses of medical care, prescription drugs, and long-term care that come with managing chronic illnesses over time exacerbate…

Words 1983 - Pages 8

clinical paper

changes, some changes can be manipulated and some cannot. Every choice we are given changes the definition of health for the individual. Some choices such as; smoking cigarettes, employment opportunities and exposure to toxic chemicals for an extended period of time all effect the overall health for the individual. With these choices and a multitude of others development of persistent chronic illness, particularly emphysema is plausable. Emphysema is quickly becoming one of the top killers of the older-adult;…

Words 2222 - Pages 9

Cause and Effect of Chronic Disease and Its Impact in the United States Essay

Cause and effect of chronic disease and its impact in the United States ********* **** Techniques 1 – Week 3 ****** ****** – Student ID: ******* Instructor: ******* ***** April 18, 2010 The United States is experiencing an unsustainable disease burden; 130 million people today suffer from chronic diseases, taking a tremendous toll on individuals, families, and communities. In addition to lives lost and quality of life lost, we are also a nation in crisis, an economic crisis. We spend over…

Words 1176 - Pages 5

Chronic Care Model Paper

The chronic care model was created to improve care in the healthcare setting to better chronic care management with an end goal of having a better outcome. The chronic care model is composed of a health system which includes the type of health care and the community which involves the resources and policies for the care a patient will receive. The chronic care model’s basic principle is to combine both an informed and active patient as well as a prepared practice team to create a more productive…

Words 371 - Pages 2

Post Traumatic Stress Disorders Case Study Essay

students with a chronic illness. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 34, 999-1006. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2006.34.8.999 The purpose of this study was to examine symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in college students who have been diagnosed with a chronic illness. There was a total of 195 College students at a private university on the east coast volunteered for this study. They had to be 18 years of age and have experienced a major life event or chronic illness. The students…

Words 1223 - Pages 5

Essay on Causes of Stress

stressed. But fortunately for you, these are all examples of acute stress. They are short term, won’t last longer than your work day, and may actually benefit your health. However, if your life feels like that every day of the week, you may be experiencing long-term or chronic stress. This type of stress can be dangerous to your health if you do not work to overcome it or don’t figure out healthier ways to cope with the effects it has on you. Big stressors tend to include financial troubles,…

Words 708 - Pages 3

Essay on reduce time for health

Chronic Illness http://chi.sagepub.com/ Health work by older people with chronic illness: how much time does it take? Laurann Yen, Ian S McRae, Tanisha Jowsey, James Gillespie, Paul Dugdale, Michelle Banfield, Paul Matthews and Marjan Kljakovic Chronic Illness 2013 9: 268 originally published online 5 March 2013 DOI: 10.1177/1742395313476720 The online version of this article can be found at: http://chi.sagepub.com/content/9/4/268 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional…

Words 6234 - Pages 25

2009 power of prevention Essay

The Power of Prevention Chronic disease . . . the public health challenge of the 21st century 2009 National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion The Power of PrevenTion ChroniC disease . . . the publiC health Challenge of the 21st Century The United States spends significantly more on health care than any other nation. In 2006, our health care expenditure was over $7,000 per person, more than twice the average of 29 other developed countries.2 We also have one of the fastest…

Words 6491 - Pages 26

Chronic Disease Model

Abstract – In these days, chronic diseases are the imperative reason for death in the world. Therefore, there is a noteworthy increment in consideration being paid to individual wellness as a preventative methodology in healthcare. However, creating and building a prediction model for chronic diseases is an extraordinary change to healthcare technology on the premise of data-analysis and decision-making level. In this paper, effective mechanisms have been used for chronic disease prediction by mining…

Words 823 - Pages 4

Aging Demographics And Chronic Disease

Aging Demographics and Chronic Disease James Roach Trident University MHD502- Health Through the Life Span Dr. Patricia Viera August 29, 2014 Visit the National Center for Health Statistics or the World Health Organization websites (links in background materials) to identify a chronic disease that significantly affects a specific population of interest. What are the risk and protective factors associated with this disease? To what extent is your population of interest affected by this disease…

Words 1422 - Pages 6