Cortisol Research Paper

Cortisol is a steroid hormone that balances many systems throughout the body, including your metabolism and your immune response system. Cortisol can help counteract an inflammatory response. It is used to treat some types of arthritis. However, like most other drugs, when used too often, it can cause problems. Too much cortisol can result in cushing's syndrome, high blood pressure, constant headaches, and many more. Although cortisol is helpful, it would be more harmful if it was an over-the-counter long-term drug.

Olympic athletes train for several hours a day on a regular basis, and their training time gets even longer and more intense when a major competition is coming up. Excessive exercise can suppress the luteinizing hormone, which …show more content…
During the cellular stages of development, the organism is in first stages of development. After fertilization, a zygote undergoes cell division without growth. This concludes with a multicellular embryo. Following fertilization, DNA replication and mitosis occur repeatedly, and the cells become smaller and smaller. The blastocoel develops and forms a hollow ball of cells called the blastula. During the tissue stages of development, a gastrula forms. The early gastrula stage begins with the invagination of certain cells to form two of the three primary germ layers. The outer germ layer becomes the ectoderm. The ectoderm then becomes the epidermis of the skin, the epithelial lining of the mouth and rectum, and the nervous system. The inner layer of cells is called the endoderm that is epithelial lining of the digestive tract and the respiratory tract, associated glands of the digestive and respiratory system, and the lining of the urinary bladder. The pore created by invagination is the blastopore which eventually becomes the anus. The late gastrula has a middle layer of cells called the mesoderm. The space between the coelom, two layered mesoderm, contains the internal body organs. During the organ stages of development, the new mesoderm cells align along the main axis of the animal to form a dorsal notochord, which is replaced in frogs, …show more content…
Chick extraembryonic membranes grow from extensions of germ layers. They are spread out inside yolk. The chorion is the outermost extraembryonic membrane that carries on gas exchange. The amnion is the innermost membrane where the embryo is suspended. It contains a protective amniotic fluid that cleans the developing embryo. The allantois located inside the shell collects nitrogenous wastes. The remaining yolk in enclosed in a yolk sac, which provides nourishment to the embryo.

Each type of reproduction has its adaptation to prevent desiccation. Embryos, that develop in water, use it to supply the oxygen and take away the wastes. The remaining water prevents desiccation by providing a protective cushion. An embryo on land uses extraembryonic membranes for this function. Insects lay their eggs in damp environments or wrap them in silk for protection. A chick’s yolk sac surrounds the yolk and provides a cushion, as well as nutrients. The placenta provides the nutrients in human development. While the fetus is still growing, an amniotic sac provides cushion and protection as

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