Section 6
11/18/12
Nationalist Movements The course of history has shown the human race that governments often rise, and governments often fall. During the 1800s, European empires were dominating the world, and it was time for their governments to fall. Each selfishly claiming foreign land and ridiculing the former residents. The Absolute Monarchs of these monstrous empires selflessly indulged themselves with riches that were unimaginable to majority of their nation’s population, leaving their poor both hungry and hopeless. Foreigners occupied natives’ homelands and held power and riches while the real inhabitants were persecuted and discriminated. Atrocities, such as these one-sided offenses, blemished the entire globe, reaching from the lands of Latin America, to the lands Eastern Europe. However, better education allowed the populations to challenge the immoral ethics of the rich and royal classes. The educated felt the pain and suffering of their fellow race, neighbor, and even citizens until they could not bear such conduct anymore. Under the idea of Nationalism, in which the people demanded fair treatment and rights for one another and other discriminated groups, the liberals and radicals under European rule revolted and started their own revolutions in aim to change their government and society. All over the world, they shunned and fought their tyrannical and selfish governments and sought better more just ones. All of this was driven by nationalist thoughts to live equally, come together and live freely. The Nationalist Movements impacted Latin American and European nations and caused them to uphold the ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity. The 1800s withheld many nationalist movements, each movement hurdled its country towards achieving liberty. The nation of Greece held an especially interesting revolution that was sparked by nationalism. Prior to the 1800s, Greece had been under the control of the Ottoman Empire. Although they were European and also Christian their Muslim rulers reigned over then fiercely. Even so, some merchants in Greece had managed set up schools and academies under the Ottomans rule, and by the 1800s many young Greeks were educated, however with their education came a loss of ignorance as they were thrust into a world of revolutions and ideas. Many learned of the enlightenment ideal of liberty and soon saw it as a necessity for their forcefully ruled country. They realized that they had little representation or say in how their government was run and their people paid the price for it and were taxed heavily. They soon demanded to secede from the Ottomans and be a European Nation-state, where they could run themselves. In 1821 the Greeks revolted and waged war for liberty and independence from their rulers. With the aid of other European nations, the Greeks eventually won their freedom in 1830. The people soon set up a new government. The nation was impoverished due to the war, but they were free. The nationalist movement caused by other nation’s examples and wanting to be able to serve its people fairly gained Greece liberty. Soon after the Greek’s revolution its western neighbor had one of its own. Italy was not always the country it is today, it was once a cluster of nation-states that were ruled by different empires. Although most Italian nation-states were governed by differing rulers, they each shared the goal to be independent from their kings and this caused fraternity between the states. The people of their lands had no control or say on their taxes and laws and it was unfair for them. The only solution was to either ask for independence or fight for it, and it was not likely that any empire was just going to let them secede. Encouraged by other nation’s national movements, in addition to the need to be able to control its own government and serve its people, the Italian states unified under two leaders and fought for their rights. One leader was Giuseppe